人与带电部件的接触可分为两类：
-直接接触；
-间接接触。
当人体的一部分接触身体的一部分时，就会发生直接接触
设备，通常带电（裸导线、端子等）。
当人体的一部分接触暴露的物体时，接触是间接的
导电部件，通常不带电，但由于故障或
绝缘材料的磨损。
防止直接接触的措施包括：
-用只能拆除的绝缘材料对带电部件进行绝缘
破坏（如电缆绝缘）；
-屏障或外壳：带电部件应位于外壳内部或屏障后面
防护等级至少为IPXXB或IP2X；对于水平
表面防护等级应至少为IPXXD或IP4X（对于
防护等级代码的含义请参阅1部分5.1章
“配电盘”）；
-障碍物：在带电部件和
操作员仅防止意外接触，而非故意接触
无需特殊工具即可清除障碍物；
-放置在无法触及的地方：不同电位下同时可触及的零件
不得触手可及。

Contacts of a person with live parts can be divided in two categories: - direct contacts; - indirect contacts. A direct contact occurs when a part of the human body touches a part of the plant, usually live (bare conductors, terminals, etc.). A contact is indirect when a part of the human body touches an exposed conductive parts, usually not live, but with voltage presence due to a failure or wear of the insulating materials. The measures of protection against direct contact are: - insulation of live parts with an insulating material which can only be removed by destruction (e.g. cable insulation); - barriers or enclosures: live parts shall be inside enclosures or behind barriers providing at least the degree of protection IPXXB or IP2X; for horizontal surfaces the degree of protection shall be of at least IPXXD or IP4X (for the meaning of the degree of protection codes please refer to Part 1, Chapter 5.1 “Electrical switchboards”); - obstacles: the interposition of an obstacle between the live parts and the operator prevents unintentional contacts only, but not an intentional contact by the removal of the obstacle without particular tools; - placing out of reach: simultaneously accessible parts at different potentials shall not be within arm’s reach.